GB 6675 Toy Safety Testing for China
GB 6675 is China’s mandatory toy safety standard that defines the safety requirements for toys sold within the Chinese market. It applies to toys intended for children under the age of 14 and establishes technical criteria to address mechanical hazards, chemical exposure, flammability risks, and labeling obligations. Any toy placed on the Chinese market must comply with GB 6675 to meet regulatory expectations for consumer safety.
The standard is enforced under China’s product quality and safety framework and is aligned with international toy safety principles while maintaining China-specific requirements. GB 6675 plays a central role in preventing injury, poisoning, and long-term health risks associated with unsafe toy design, materials, or construction.
Scope and Regulatory Status of GB 6675
GB 6675 is a mandatory national standard. Compliance is required for domestic manufacturing, importation, distribution, and retail sale of toys in China. Products that fall under the definition of toys and fail to meet GB 6675 requirements may be subject to customs rejection, market withdrawal, or regulatory penalties.
The standard applies broadly to:
- Educational toys
- Plastic and wooden toys
- Plush and textile toys
- Electronic and battery-operated toys
- Ride-on and activity toys
- Games and hobby items intended for children
Toys are evaluated based on their intended use, age grading, and reasonably foreseeable misuse during normal play.
Structure of the GB 6675 Standard
GB 6675 is divided into multiple parts, each addressing a specific category of toy safety risk. Together, these parts form a comprehensive testing and compliance framework.
GB 6675.1 Mechanical and Physical Properties
This part addresses hazards related to design, shape, strength, and durability. It focuses on risks that could cause choking, cuts, punctures, entanglement, or impact injuries during play.
GB 6675.2 Flammability
This section sets limits on how quickly toy materials may ignite or burn. It applies especially to textile toys, plush items, costumes, and toys containing soft materials.
GB 6675.3 Migration of Certain Elements
GB 6675.3 regulates chemical exposure by limiting the migration of heavy metals from toy materials when they come into contact with saliva or gastric fluids.
GB 6675.4 Specific Chemical Requirements
This part expands chemical safety controls and includes additional substance restrictions that reflect China’s regulatory priorities and consumer protection goals.
Mechanical and Physical Safety Requirements
Mechanical and physical testing under GB 6675.1 is designed to simulate real-world play behavior. Toys must remain safe when subjected to stress, impact, and repeated handling.
Small Parts and Choking Hazards
Toys intended for children under three must not contain small parts that can detach during testing. Components are evaluated using small parts cylinders after tension, torque, drop, and abuse tests.
Sharp Edges and Sharp Points
Testing identifies edges or points that could cause injury. Materials must not fracture or deform in a way that exposes sharp hazards after mechanical stress.
Tension, Torque, and Compression Testing
Components such as wheels, buttons, eyes, and decorative parts are pulled and twisted to confirm secure attachment. Weak joints or inadequate fastening often lead to failure.
Drop and Impact Resistance
Toys are dropped from specified heights onto hard surfaces to simulate accidental drops. The toy must not break in a way that creates hazardous fragments.
Cords, Straps, and Elastic Components
String-like components are evaluated to prevent strangulation or entanglement risks. Length, strength, and attachment points are strictly controlled.
Flammability Requirements Under GB 6675.2
Flammability testing evaluates how toy materials respond to ignition sources. This is particularly relevant for plush toys, costumes, and fabric-based products.
Key considerations include:
- Rate of flame spread
- Ease of ignition
- Burning behavior of pile or surface fibers
Materials that ignite too easily or burn excessively fast do not meet GB 6675 requirements. Proper material selection and finishing treatments play a significant role in compliance.
Chemical Safety and Heavy Metal Migration
Chemical safety is addressed primarily through GB 6675.3 and GB 6675.4. These sections protect children from exposure to harmful substances through mouthing, swallowing, or prolonged skin contact.
Heavy Metal Migration Limits
Migration testing measures the release of elements such as:
- Lead
- Cadmium
- Mercury
- Arsenic
- Chromium
- Antimony
- Barium
Testing simulates saliva and gastric conditions to reflect how children interact with toys during play.
Additional Chemical Controls
Depending on toy type and material composition, testing may also include screening for:
- Certain plasticizers
- Hazardous colorants
- Restricted organic compounds
Chemical failures are often linked to inconsistent raw materials, uncontrolled pigments, or recycled plastics with unknown composition.
Age Grading and Labeling Requirements
Accurate age grading is critical under GB 6675. Toys must be labeled according to the developmental abilities of the intended user group.
Age Determination
Age grading considers physical ability, mouthing behavior, cognitive development, and foreseeable misuse. A mismatch between design and declared age can result in non-compliance.
Mandatory Warnings
Required warnings must be:
- Clear and legible
- Durable and permanently affixed
- Appropriate for the toy’s risk profile
Common warnings address choking hazards, projectile risks, and battery safety.
Battery Safety for Electronic Toys
Electronic toys must prevent child access to batteries, particularly button and coin cells. GB 6675 requires:
- Secure battery compartments
- Tool-required opening mechanisms
- Proper polarity markings
- Resistance to mechanical stress
Battery safety failures are considered high-risk due to ingestion hazards.
Sound Level Requirements
Toys that produce sound are tested to ensure noise levels remain within acceptable limits. Excessive sound pressure can cause hearing damage, particularly for toys used close to the ears.
Sound testing applies to:
- Musical toys
- Electronic sound modules
- Toy weapons and impact toys
Testing Process for GB 6675 Compliance
Step 1 Product Assessment
The toy is reviewed to identify applicable GB 6675 parts based on design, materials, and age group.
Step 2 Sample Selection
Representative samples are prepared to reflect actual production conditions.
Step 3 Laboratory Testing
Accredited laboratories conduct mechanical, chemical, flammability, and acoustic tests according to GB 6675 methods.
Step 4 Result Evaluation
Test data is reviewed to confirm compliance or identify areas requiring correction.
Step 5 Corrective Actions and Retesting
Design modifications or material changes may be implemented before retesting if failures occur.
Step 6 Documentation Preparation
Final test reports support regulatory review, customs clearance, and market supervision.
Common Causes of GB 6675 Failure
Common issues identified during testing include:
- Small parts detaching during abuse tests
- Excessive heavy metal migration from coatings or plastics
- Sharp edges appearing after impact testing
- Inadequate flammability resistance in textiles
- Incorrect or missing safety warnings
- Poorly secured battery compartments
Many of these issues can be addressed through early design review and material control.
Preparing for GB 6675 Toy Testing
Effective preparation reduces delays and retesting costs.
Key practices include:
- Designing toys with GB 6675 requirements in mind
- Maintaining consistent raw material sourcing
- Conducting internal mechanical checks before submission
- Reviewing labeling accuracy and durability
- Verifying battery compartment security
Early planning improves testing outcomes and market readiness.
GB 6675 establishes a comprehensive safety framework for toys sold in China, covering mechanical integrity, chemical safety, flammability, labeling, and functional risks. Compliance requires careful attention to design, materials, and testing procedures aligned with the standard’s technical criteria.
For toys intended for the Chinese market, the next step is to evaluate product design against the relevant parts of GB 6675, prepare representative samples, and complete toy testing through an accredited laboratory to confirm conformity.
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